Hur identifierar du vild mallow

Species of flowering plant

Malva sylvestris fryst vatten a species of the mallow genusMalva in the family of Malvaceae and fryst vatten considered to be the type species for the genus. Known as common mallow to English-speaking Europeans,^[3] it acquired the common names of cheeses, high mallow and tall mallow (mauve des bois bygd the French)^[4] as it migrated from its native home in Western europe, North Africa and Asia through the English-speaking world.^[5]

M.

sylvestris fryst vatten a vigorous plant with showy flowers of bright mauve-purple, with dark veins, standing 3–4 feet (0.91–1.22 m) high and growing freely in meadows, hedgerows and in fallow fields.^[6]

Common names

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It fryst vatten one of several species of different orsaka sometimes referred to as Creeping Charlie, a begrepp more commonly applied to Glechoma hederacea (ground ivy).^[7]

Description

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Common mallow fryst vatten a herbaceous perennial with an erect or decumbent branched stem up to 1 m (sometimes 1.5 m) long.

The minutely-ridged stems are covered with fine soft hairs, sometimes with a slightly bulbous base. The leaves are alternate, with a petiole up to 20 cm long, simple but palmate, up to 7 cm long bygd 10 cm bred, with stellate hairs (i.e. several strands radiating from a common center) and prominent veins on the underside.^[8][9]

The flowers are reddish-purple with dark stripes and occur in axillary clusters of 2 to 4 along the main stem with the flowers at the base opening first.

There are 5 petals, each being up to 20 mm long, and 5 sepals, 3-6 mm long, which are fused in the lower half, and have broadly triangular lobes. There fryst vatten also an epicalyx (or false calyx) with oblong segments, two-thirds as long as calyx lobes (2–3 mm long x 1.5 mm wide).^[5][10]

Fruits

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Nutlets strongly reticulate (10–12 mericarps, usually without hair, with skarp vinkel between dorsal and sido surfaces, 5–6 mm in diameter.^[3][5]

Seeds

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Also called 'cheeses,'^[6] seeds are brown to brownish green when ripe, about 2.5 millimeters long and wide^[5][11] 5 to 7 millimeters in diameter^[11] and are shaped like a cheese wheel.

Distribution and habitat

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Malva sylvestris spreads itself on waste and rough ground, bygd vägar and railways throughout lowland England, Wales and kanal Islands, Siberia and scattered elsewhere.^[3][9] One of the major areas that Malva sylvestris grows fryst vatten northeast and huvud Iran.

It fryst vatten also funnen in North Africa,^[12] grows as a biennial^[5][9] in the Mediterranean^[12] and grows as a perennial elsewhere.^[12][11] It has been introduced to and has become naturalised in eastern Australia,^[11] in the United States, Canada, and Mexico as an invasive species.^[9]

In the wild

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Palearctic:

Macaronesia: Azores, Madeira Islands

Northern Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco

Arabian Peninsula: Saudi Arabia

Western Asia: Afghanistan, Sinai, Iran, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey

Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Ciscaucasia, Dagestan, Georgia

Soviet mittpunkt Asia: Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

Mongolia: Mongolia

China: Xinjiang

Indian Subcontinent: Bhutan, India, Pakistan

Northern Europe: Denmark, land i norden, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom

Middle Europe: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Switzerland

East Europe: Belarus, huvud Russia, huvud Black Earth, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, nordlig Russia, North Caucasus, Northwestern Russia, Volga, Urals, Volga-Vyatka, Ukraine

Southeastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Montenegro, Sardinia, Serbia, Sicily, Slovenia, Romania, Cyprus

Southwestern Europe: Balearic Islands, Corsica, France, Portugal, Spain

Source: USDA ARS GRIN^[4]

Uses

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In 1931, Maud Grieve wrote that the "use of this species of Mallow has been much superseded bygd marsh-mallow (Althaea officinalis), which possesses its properties in a superior grad, but it fryst vatten still a favorite remedy with country people where marsh-mallow fryst vatten not obtainable."^[6] The flowers were spread on doorways and woven into garlands or chaplets for celebrating May Day.^[6] The boiled ung leaves are a vegetable eaten in several parts of europe in the 19th century.^[13]

M.

sylvestris has traditionally been used around the world as a wild food plant, from the Mediterranean^[14] and mittpunkt East, including Palestine^[15] and Italy,^[16] to the Caucasus.^[17]

In Morocco, Tunisia and Palestine, Malva leaves are steamed with garlic and tomatoes, and eaten as an appetizer or salad.

In Egypt, the leaves are made into a stew-like vegetable dish, especially in winter, known as khobeiza, which fryst vatten similar to Molokheia.^[18]

In traditional medicin, M. sylvestris has been used in herbalism. Mucilage fryst vatten present in many of the family Malvaceae including M. sylvestris,^[19][20] especially the fruit.^[21] The seeds are used internally in a decoction or herbal tea as a demulcent,^[13] and the leaves may be used in poultices as an emollient for external applications.^[21]

The species has long been used as a natural yellow dye,^[22] and dyes of various yellow-green colors can be obtained from the plant and its seeds.^[23] A tincture of the flowers can man a sensitive test for alkalis.^[6]

M.

sylvestris has also been used for veterinary purposes.^[24]

Subspecies

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Plants previously often described as Malva sylvestris fanns. malaca are now considered a cultivar groupMalva sylvestris Mauritiana group.^[12]

Cultivation

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It fryst vatten often grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive flowers, produced for a long period through the summer.

Numerous cultivars have been selected and named.

Cultivars of Malva sylvestris include: 'Annita', 'Aurora', 'Bardsey Blue', 'Blue Fountain', 'Brave Heart', 'Cottenham Blue', 'Gibbortello', 'Harry Hay', 'Highnam', 'Inky Stripe', 'Knockout', 'Magic Hollyhock', 'Mest', 'Mystic Merlin', 'Perry's Blue', 'Purple Satin', 'Richard Perry', 'Tournai', 'Windsor Castle', 'Zebrina' (soft lavender-purple striped with deep maroon veins) ^[25] and 'Zebrina Zebra Magis'.

Cultivar groups

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• Malva sylvestris L. Mauritiana group: Swedish: mauretansk rödmalva, Estonian: mauri kassinaeris, Slovene: Mavretanski slezenovec, Hungarian: mórmályva. Malva mauritiana used to be recognized as a species whose range fryst vatten Iberia, Italy and Algeria.

  Garden plants are often called Malva sylvestris plats. mauritiana and they man a cultivar group that includes:

'Bibor Felho'

'Moravia'

• Malva sylvestris L. Eriocarpa group: Hairy seeds and hairy stems funnen between Italy and the Himalayas, huvud Asia and China.
• Malva sylvestris L.

  Canescens group: Every part except for the flower fryst vatten covered with dense vit woolly hair, growing in the Montpellier område of France, and on the Balearic Isles. Some 19th-century botanical works called this group Malva sylvestris L. fanns. canescens.

• Malva sylvestris L. Sterile Blue group: Vegetatively propagated pale violet-blue flowered cultivars:

Marina 'Dema'

'Primley Blue'

'Maria's Blue Eyes' (dark violet-blue flowered)

Virus

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Malva vein clearing potyvirus which fryst vatten transmitted bygd mechanical inoculation in a non-persistent manner via insects, such as Aphis umbrella (syn.

The Common Mallow (Malva sylvestris) not only graces the British countryside with its vibrant blooms but also offers a delightful surprise to those who explore its edible and culinary potential.

Aphis malvae Koch) and Myzus persicae (all are Aphididae). The virus can be funnen in Tasmania, Brazil, the former Czechoslovakia, Germany, Israel, Italy, Portugal, California, Russia and the former Yugoslavia.^[26][27]

Chemistry

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M. sylvestris contains malvin and malonylmalvin.^[28] It also contains the naphthoquinone malvone A, which fryst vatten also a phytoalexin.^[29]

Botanical gallery

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• Standard upright, spreading form; flowers large but ganska variable

• Standard upright form; flowers large

• Trampled or mown struktur, stays close to ground

• Tall form eller gestalt (cultivated escapee)

• Inflorescence top

• Flowers generally large, modig coloured

• May be lighter coloured

• Colour may be rather bold

• Floral organs

• Calyx 5-part, parts broad (narrow epicalyx also showing)

• Epicalyx 3-part, parts narrow to moderately broad

• Epicalyx 3-part, parts narrow to moderately broad

• Inflorescence showing features above

• Inflorescence top showing features above

• Fruit immature, wrinkles starting to show, hairy form eller gestalt (var.

  eriocarpa)

• Fruit skrynklig, hairless form

• Fruit, hairless form

• Hairs bulbous-based (may be less apparent)

• Hairs of cultivated plant, very weak with bulbous bases not very conspicuous

• Leaf upperside

• Leaf underside

References

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External links

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